Evaluation — Model Question Paper
Subject: English Grammar and Composition class 8 | Class: অষ্টম শ্রেণী
Chapters: UNIT 1 Parts of Speech
Time: 2 hours 30 minutesFull marks: 45
Pattern: As per the NCTB classes 6-8 pattern
1. Right form of verbs:1 ×5 = 5
a. Kuheli (revise) her lessons for the final examination.
b. Birds (sing) in the trees.
c. She usually (go) to school at nine o’clock.
d. He (run) five kilometres yesterday.
e. They (share) the idea together.
2. Narration:1 ×5 = 5
a. Change into indirect speech: The teacher said to the students, “Do not disturb the animals.”
b. Change into indirect speech: Rina said, “I am reading a book by Rabindranath Tagore.”
c. Change into indirect speech: He said to me, “Where did you find the golden chain?”
d. Change into direct speech: The boy said that he would go to the zoo the next day.
e. Change into direct speech: The teacher advised the students to answer the questions carefully.
3. Transformation:1 ×5 = 5
a. Change into a compound sentence: He was tired because he had worked hard.
b. Change into a complex sentence: He worked hard and he passed the examination.
c. Change the voice: The teacher carefully checks the homework.
d. Make it negative without changing the meaning: She always comes in time.
e. Change into the comparative degree: Dhaka is one of the largest cities in Bangladesh.
4. Tag questions:1 ×5 = 5
a. Sumona is a brilliant student, ?
b. The teacher carefully checks the homework, ?
c. He is an intelligent teacher, ?
d. The students will visit the zoo, ?
e. She does not sing loudly, ?
5. Connectors:1 ×5 = 5
a. He came to the class started teaching.
b. It is easy to say difficult to do.
c. She is intelligent; , she does not need too much help.
d. A noun can name a person a place.
e. The zoo educates people helps scientists study animals.
6. Application / e-mail:10
Suppose, your friend Rafi is weak in English grammar. Write an email to him explaining how to identify and use the main parts of speech. Mention nouns, pronouns, adjectives, verbs, adverbs, prepositions, conjunctions and interjections. Also advise him to practise countable and uncountable nouns, regular and irregular verbs, and adverbs of frequency.
7. Paragraph:10
Write a paragraph on “A Visit to the Zoo” in about 150 words. Use the following guiding questions: (What is a zoo? When did you visit it? How did you go there? What animals and birds did you see? What did you learn from the visit?)
— End of the paper —
Evaluation — Answer Sheet
Subject: English Grammar and Composition class 8 | Class: অষ্টম শ্রেণী
Chapters: UNIT 1 Parts of Speech
Time: 2 hours 30 minutesFull marks: 45
Pattern: As per the NCTB classes 6-8 pattern
1. Right form of verbs:1 ×5 = 5
a. Kuheli (revise) her lessons for the final examination.
Answer: Kuheli is revising her lessons for the final examination.
b. Birds (sing) in the trees.
Answer: Birds are singing in the trees.
c. She usually (go) to school at nine o’clock.
Answer: She usually goes to school at nine o’clock.
d. He (run) five kilometres yesterday.
Answer: He ran five kilometres yesterday.
e. They (share) the idea together.
Answer: They shared the idea together.
2. Narration:1 ×5 = 5
a. Change into indirect speech: The teacher said to the students, “Do not disturb the animals.”
Answer: The teacher advised the students not to disturb the animals.
b. Change into indirect speech: Rina said, “I am reading a book by Rabindranath Tagore.”
Answer: Rina said that she was reading a book by Rabindranath Tagore.
c. Change into indirect speech: He said to me, “Where did you find the golden chain?”
Answer: He asked me where I had found the golden chain.
d. Change into direct speech: The boy said that he would go to the zoo the next day.
Answer: The boy said, “I will go to the zoo tomorrow.”
e. Change into direct speech: The teacher advised the students to answer the questions carefully.
Answer: The teacher said to the students, “Answer the questions carefully.”
3. Transformation:1 ×5 = 5
a. Change into a compound sentence: He was tired because he had worked hard.
Answer: He had worked hard, so he was tired.
b. Change into a complex sentence: He worked hard and he passed the examination.
Answer: He passed the examination because he worked hard.
c. Change the voice: The teacher carefully checks the homework.
Answer: The homework is carefully checked by the teacher.
d. Make it negative without changing the meaning: She always comes in time.
Answer: She is never late.
e. Change into the comparative degree: Dhaka is one of the largest cities in Bangladesh.
Answer: Very few cities in Bangladesh are larger than Dhaka.
4. Tag questions:1 ×5 = 5
a. Sumona is a brilliant student, ?
Answer: Sumona is a brilliant student, isn't she?
b. The teacher carefully checks the homework, ?
Answer: The teacher carefully checks the homework, doesn't he?
c. He is an intelligent teacher, ?
Answer: He is an intelligent teacher, isn't he?
d. The students will visit the zoo, ?
Answer: The students will visit the zoo, won't they?
e. She does not sing loudly, ?
Answer: She does not sing loudly, does she?
5. Connectors:1 ×5 = 5
a. He came to the class started teaching.
Answer: He came to the class and started teaching.
b. It is easy to say difficult to do.
Answer: It is easy to say but difficult to do.
c. She is intelligent; , she does not need too much help.
Answer: She is intelligent; therefore, she does not need too much help.
d. A noun can name a person a place.
Answer: A noun can name a person or a place.
e. The zoo educates people helps scientists study animals.
Answer: The zoo educates people and helps scientists study animals.
6. Application / e-mail:10
Suppose, your friend Rafi is weak in English grammar. Write an email to him explaining how to identify and use the main parts of speech. Mention nouns, pronouns, adjectives, verbs, adverbs, prepositions, conjunctions and interjections. Also advise him to practise countable and uncountable nouns, regular and irregular verbs, and adverbs of frequency.
Answer: To: Rafi
Subject: How to improve your grammar
Dear Rafi,
I hope you are well. You told me that you are weak in English grammar. Do not worry. First, learn the eight parts of speech. A noun names a person, place, animal, thing or idea, while a pronoun replaces a noun. An adjective describes a noun or pronoun, and a verb shows an action or state. An adverb modifies a verb, an adjective or another adverb. A preposition shows the relation between words, and a conjunction joins words, phrases or clauses. An interjection expresses emotion. You should also practise countable and uncountable nouns, such as books and water. Learn regular verbs like wanted and irregular verbs like went. Use adverbs of frequency, such as always, often and never, correctly. Read short passages, underline the parts of speech and write your own sentences every day.
With best wishes,
Your friend,
Sami
7. Paragraph:10
Write a paragraph on “A Visit to the Zoo” in about 150 words. Use the following guiding questions: (What is a zoo? When did you visit it? How did you go there? What animals and birds did you see? What did you learn from the visit?)
Answer: A Visit to the Zoo
Last Friday, I visited the zoo with my classmates and our teacher. A zoo is a place where many kinds of animals and birds live together. We went there by bus in the morning. After entering through the main gate, we walked along the paths and carefully observed the animals. We saw lions, tigers, deer, elephants, monkeys and several colourful birds. The tiger was sleeping quietly, but the monkeys were jumping happily. We also saw crocodiles in a pond and giraffes eating leaves. Our teacher told us that modern zoos try to provide surroundings that resemble the animals’ natural habitat. He explained that zoos help protect endangered species and educate people about conservation. We did not disturb the animals and followed the instructions of the guide. The visit was both enjoyable and educational. It increased our love for animals and taught us that we should protect wildlife and the natural environment.
অনুশীলন: সঠিক শব্দ বসিয়ে শূন্যস্থান পূরণ করো
১. ইংরেজিতে মোট টি parts of speech আছে।
২. ‘Sumona is a brilliant student.’ বাক্যে ‘brilliant’ হলো একটি ।
৩. যে শব্দ কোনো ব্যক্তি, প্রাণী, স্থান, বস্তু বা ভাবের নাম বোঝায়, তাকে বলে।
৪. Noun-এর পুনরাবৃত্তি এড়াতে যে শব্দ noun-এর পরিবর্তে ব্যবহৃত হয়, তাকে বলে।
৫. ‘He runs.’ বাক্যে ‘runs’ একটি verb-এর উদাহরণ।
৬. যে শব্দ verb, adjective বা অন্য adverb-কে বিশেষিত করে, তাকে বলে।
৭. Noun বা pronoun-কে বর্ণনা, পরিমাণ বা পরিচয় নির্দেশকারী শব্দকে বলে।
৮. শব্দ, phrase ও clause যুক্ত করার কাজে ব্যবহৃত হয়।
৯. আবেগ বা অনুভূতি প্রকাশকারী শব্দকে বলা হয়; যেমন Oh! ও Wow!
১০. ‘Well, I don’t know about that.’ বাক্যে ‘well’ একটি ।
১১. যে noun গণনা করা যায়, তাকে noun বলে; যেমন book ও chair।
১২. ‘Water’ একটি noun, কারণ এটি সাধারণত আলাদাভাবে গণনা করা যায় না।
১৩. ‘A few’ সাধারণত noun-এর সঙ্গে ব্যবহৃত হয়।
১৪. ‘A little’ সাধারণত noun-এর সঙ্গে ব্যবহৃত হয়।
১৫. ‘A few’ অর্থ বা কিছু।
১৬. ‘Little’ অর্থ বা প্রায় নেই।
১৭. Adjective of Quality ‘কী ধরনের?’—এই প্রশ্নের দেয়।
১৮. ‘What, which এবং whose’ হলো adjectives।
১৯. Action, condition বা experience প্রকাশকারী শব্দকে বলে।
২০. ‘Go–went’ হলো একটি verb-এর উদাহরণ।
২১. যে verb-এর object থাকে, তাকে verb বলে।
২২. যে verb-এর কোনো object থাকে না, তাকে verb বলে।
২৩. ‘He is reading a book.’ বাক্যে ‘is reading’ একটি verb ।
২৪. কোনো কাজ কত ঘন ঘন ঘটে তা যে adverb জানায়, তাকে adverb of বলে।
২৫. নির্দিষ্ট সময় বোঝাতে time preposition হিসেবে ব্যবহৃত হয়; যেমন at 3 o’clock।
উত্তর:
১. আট ২. adjective ৩. noun ৪. pronoun ৫. action ৬. adverb ৭. adjective ৮. conjunction ৯. interjection ১০. interjection ১১. countable ১২. uncountable ১৩. plural ১৪. singular ১৫. some ১৬. hardly any ১৭. উত্তর ১৮. interrogative ১৯. verb ২০. irregular ২১. transitive ২২. intransitive ২৩. phrase ২৪. frequency ২৫. at
সংক্ষিপ্ত নোট ও মনে রাখার তথ্য
১। ১. Parts of Speech
ইংরেজি ভাষায় শব্দের কাজ অনুযায়ী তাদের আটটি শ্রেণিতে ভাগ করা হয়। এগুলো হলো noun, pronoun, adjective, verb, adverb, preposition, conjunction এবং interjection।
মুখস্থ রাখো: Noun, Pronoun, Adjective, Verb, Adverb, Preposition, Conjunction, Interjection—এই আটটি Parts of Speech।
২। ২. Noun ও তার প্রকার
Noun হলো ব্যক্তি, প্রাণী, স্থান, বস্তু বা ভাবের নাম। যেমন: Rahul, London, pencil, honesty। Noun countable বা uncountable হতে পারে।
সংজ্ঞা: যে শব্দ ব্যক্তি, প্রাণী, স্থান, বস্তু বা ভাবের নাম বোঝায়, তাকে Noun বলে।
৩। ৩. Pronoun
Pronoun noun-এর পরিবর্তে ব্যবহৃত হয়, যাতে একই noun বারবার লিখতে না হয়। যেমন: Elina talked to her child—এখানে her হলো pronoun এবং এটি Elina-কে বোঝায়।
সংজ্ঞা: Noun-এর পরিবর্তে ব্যবহৃত শব্দকে Pronoun বলে।
৪। ৪. Countable ও Uncountable Noun
যে noun গোনা যায়, তা countable noun; যেমন: pen, chair, apple। যে noun সাধারণত গোনা যায় না, তা uncountable noun; যেমন: water, milk, money। Countable plural noun-এর আগে a few এবং uncountable noun-এর আগে a little ব্যবহৃত হয়।
মুখস্থ রাখো: a few + plural countable noun; a little + singular uncountable noun।
৫। ৫. Adjective
Adjective noun বা pronoun-এর গুণ, পরিমাণ বা পরিচয় প্রকাশ করে। এটি সাধারণত noun-এর আগে বসে, তবে linking verb-এর পরেও বসতে পারে। Quality, quantity, demonstrative এবং interrogative adjective-এর উদাহরণ পাঠে আছে।
সংজ্ঞা: যে শব্দ noun বা pronoun-কে বর্ণনা, পরিমাণ বা পরিচয় দ্বারা বিশেষিত করে, তাকে Adjective বলে।
৬। ৬. Verb
Verb কোনো কাজ, অবস্থা বা অভিজ্ঞতা প্রকাশ করে। Auxiliary verb main verb-কে tense, mood বা voice প্রকাশে সাহায্য করে; যেমন: is reading। Object থাকলে transitive verb এবং object না থাকলে intransitive verb হয়।
মুখস্থ রাখো: Verb phrase = auxiliary verb(s) + main verb।
৭। ৭. Adverb
Adverb verb, adjective বা অন্য adverb-কে বিশেষিত করে। Carefully, extremely এবং very যথাক্রমে verb, adjective ও adverb-কে বিশেষিত করতে পারে। Frequency adverb কাজটি কতবার ঘটে তা বোঝায়।
সংজ্ঞা: যে শব্দ verb, adjective বা অন্য adverb-কে বিশেষিত করে, তাকে Adverb বলে।
৮। ৮. Preposition
Preposition noun বা pronoun-কে বাক্যের অন্য শব্দের সঙ্গে যুক্ত করে। স্থান বোঝাতে in, at, on, under, above, behind ও opposite ব্যবহৃত হয়; গতি বোঝাতে into, across, through, along ও towards ব্যবহৃত হয়। সময়ের ক্ষেত্রে at নির্দিষ্ট সময়, in মাস বা বছর এবং on দিন বা তারিখের আগে বসে।
মুখস্থ রাখো: at + নির্দিষ্ট সময়; in + মাস/বছর/দীর্ঘ সময়; on + দিন/তারিখ।
৯। ৯. Conjunction ও Interjection
Conjunction শব্দ, phrase ও clause যুক্ত করে; যেমন and, but, therefore। Interjection আবেগ বা আকস্মিক অনুভূতি প্রকাশ করে এবং সাধারণত একাই দাঁড়াতে পারে; যেমন Oh!, Wow!, Ouch!। একই শব্দ বাক্যে কাজের ভেদে ভিন্ন Parts of Speech হতে পারে।
মুখস্থ রাখো: Conjunction যুক্ত করে, আর Interjection আবেগ প্রকাশ করে।
পরীক্ষার কৌশল
- প্রতিটি বাক্যে শব্দের অর্থ নয়, বাক্যে তার কাজ দেখে Parts of Speech নির্ণয় করো।
- Verb-এর সঙ্গে object আছে কি না দেখে transitive ও intransitive verb আলাদা করো।
- Preposition ও adverb-এর নিয়ম উদাহরণসহ বারবার লিখে অনুশীলন করো।
প্রশ্নগুলো তোমার পাঠ থেকে সাজানো অনুশীলন; আসল পরীক্ষায় হুবহু আসবে, এমন নিশ্চয়তা নয়।